Over the last 7 years, a number of clinical studies have been carried out to test the safety and efficacy of the AMES intervention on severely impaired patients with stroke and incomplete spinal cord injury.  The results of several of these studies have been published in peer reviewed clinical journals.* 

Several other studies have been complete and are being published, including a Phase III controlled study of the upper limb of sub-acute stroke patients (1-6 months post-stroke) and a Phase I/II of the lower limb of chronic stroke patients (>12 months post-stroke).

*Cordo P, Lutsep H, Cordo L, Wright W, Cacciatore T, Skoss R. Assisted movement with enhanced sensation (AMES):            Coupling sensory with motor in the remediation of motor disability in chronic stroke patients. Neurorehab Neural Repair 23: 67-77, 2009.

 Cordo P, Wolf S, Lou J-S, Bogey R, Stevenson M, Hayes J, Roth J. Treatment of severe hand impairment following stroke by combining assisted movement, muscle vibration, and biofeedback. J Neurologic Phys Rehabil 37: 194-203, 2013.

 Backus D, Cordo P, Gillott A, Mori M, Kandilakis C, Raslan A. Assisted movement with proprioceptive stimulation reduces impairment and restores function in incomplete SCI. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 95: 1447-1453, 2014.

 Kandelakis C, Backus D, Cordo. Impact of somatosensory augmentation with AMES on upper limb pain and spasticity in a person with chronic tetraplegia.  J Neurol Disorders Stroke 3: 1095-1099, 2015.